CHART 1
Correlation of nutrient deficiency and its cutaneous repercussions
NUTRIENT
Biotin
Alopecia, glossitis, keratosis pilaris, periorificial dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and erythroderma
Copper
Depigmented and thinning hair, alopecia, delayed wound healing
Iron
Pallor, koilonychia, glossitis, alopecia
Selenium
Delayed wound healing, psoriasis, skin cancer
Vitamin A or Retinol
Xeroderma, acne, brittle hair, and keratotic follicular papules most commonly in the anterolateral surface of thighs and arms, which may spread to the extensor areas of the upper and lower limbs, shoulders, abdomen, dorsal region, buttocks and neck; phrynoderma
Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin
Mucositis, lip and angular cheilitis, glossitis, xerosis, seborrheic dermatitis, scrotal and vulvar eczema, erythroderma and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Vitamin B3 or Niacin
Pellagra, photosensitive dermatitis in symmetric areas, cheilitis, glossitis.
Vitamin B5 or Pantothenic acid
Purpura, leukotrichia, seborrheic dermatitis, angular stomatitis and glossitis. Burning feet syndrome.
Vitamin B6 or Pyridoxine
Seborrheic dermatitis, glossitis, oral mucosa ulceration, lip and angular cheilitis, photosensitive pellagra-like lesions
Vitamin B9 or Folic acid and B12 or Cobalamin
Lip or angular cheilitis, Hunter's glossitis; diffuse, symmetric hair and mucocutaneous hypo-and hyperpigmentation
Vitamin C or Ascorbic acid
Poor wound healing, keratosis pilaris, perifollicular petechiae, ecchymosis, purpura, brittle hair, scurvy (gingivitis, bleeding gums, keratosis pilaris), Sjogren-like syndrome
Vitamin D
Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, skin infections, acne, autoimmune cutaneous diseases and skin cancer.
Vitamin E
Atopic dermatitis, acne.
Vitamin K
Purpura, petechiae, ecchymosis, hematoma
Zinc
Acrodermatitis enteropathica (alopecia, acral and periorificial symmetric, erosive and eczematous rash), dry, brittle and thinning hair, delayed wound healing, paronychia, stomatitis, psoriasiform dermatitis, blepharitis, angular cheilitis, vitiligo-like lesions
Protein
Aged appearance, erythematous or hypopigmented lesions most evident in flexure areas; hyperchromic lesions with smooth, fissured or erosive surface; brittle, slow growing nails, onychomadesis; follicular hyperkeratosis, pale extremities accompanied by edema; dry, brittle, dull, and thin hair, with brownish-red color before becoming grayish-white, flag signal with alternating dark and light stripes in the hair; angular cheilitis, xerophthalmia, stomatitis, vulvovaginitis